Four Native American Woodland Period Ground Stone Celts / Adze Heads

拍品描述

Native American, Woodland Period, ca. 1000 BCE – 1000 CE. Four ground stone celts, ungrooved blades that were once hafted as axes or adzes. They were made by pecking and then grinding, and each has a smooth working bit at the broad end that tapers back to a rounded poll. Three have the familiar teardrop or bullet outline, worked in speckled, granular stones in tones from oatmeal to sage green. The fourth stands apart: it is cut from a fine-grained, charcoal-gray stone into a flat, near-rectangular blade with a gently curved edge, and that tablet-like profile may suit adze work. The smallest of the group, a stubby triangular blade, would have suited finer woodworking. In everyday use, tools like these felled saplings, hollowed out dugout canoes, and shaped timbers for houses. Size of longest: 1.8" H x 3.9" L x 1.5" D (4.6 cm H x 9.9 cm L x 3.8 cm D). The celt is one of the most common ground stone tools from Woodland-period North America. Making one took real labor. A maker roughed out a tough, fine-grained cobble by flaking, refined the shape by pecking it with a hammerstone, and then ground and polished it against sandstone and water until the surface was smooth. Without the groove of the earlier Archaic full-grooved axe, the blade was set into a socket in a wooden handle or lashed in place. Turning the bit parallel to the handle made an axe, and turning it at right angles made an adze, so the same basic form could do either job. SHIPPING: We coordinate worldwide shipping in-house through specialist international forwarders experienced with fine art and antiquities customs manifests. International buyers must confirm, prior to bidding, that their country's customs authority will accept the item. All duties, taxes, clearance fees, and any costs arising from customs delays, seizures, re-export, returns, or loss in transit are the buyer's sole responsibility. Artemis assumes no liability for items refused entry, detained, or lost after export. We cannot ship ancient items to their country of origin (Egyptian to Egypt, Greek to Greece, etc.).For those not using LiveAuctioneers' Live Ship program, Artemis Fine Arts offers expert in-house packing and worldwide shipping. With over 20 years of experience, our team provides careful, reliable, and affordable service. For a quick quote on this lot, please contact support@artemisfinearts.com prior to the auction, or call 720-890-7700. PAYMENT EXCEPTION: For clients not previously established with Artemis, payment for all gold, precious metal, and gemstone lots must be made by bank wire transfer or certified bank check/money order, without exception. Item #199463

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