遼 銅鎏金釋迦牟尼佛坐像

拍品描述

英文品名：A LIAO GILT-BRONZE SEATED FIGURE OF SHAKYAMUNI BUDDHA 尺寸：H:13cm 銅鎏金。釋迦牟尼佛結跏趺坐於仰覆蓮座之上，螺髻高起，長耳垂肩，面容豐圓，眉目低垂。右手當胸結說法印，左手下垂置於膝前，手掌舒展。僧大衣右袒，衣褶以陰線刻畫，紋理簡練流暢。下承束腰圓形底座，座邊浮雕仰蓮瓣一週。鎏金多有脫落，露銅胎本色，皮色溫潤，具高古造像氣象。遼代（九至十二世紀）造像上承唐代餘緒，下啟金元風範。鑄器多採整體範鑄法，銅胎厚重，衣紋以陰線刻出，不作繁縟鏨刻。鎏金為火法鍍金，將金汞合金塗於器表，加熱令汞揮發，金層附著銅胎，經年磨擦多有脫落，露出紫銅底色，行內稱為「古金」。此像長耳垂肩、面容豐圓，是遼漢地佛教造像常見樣式；蓮瓣尖圓飽滿，仰覆座分層，與河北易縣八佛窪遼代瓷觀音、薊縣獨樂寺遼塑有時代共通之趣。 A gilt-bronze figure of Shakyamuni Buddha seated in vajrasana on an upturned-and-down-turned lotus base. The Buddha has a rounded face, a high ushnisha of tight curls and long pendulous earlobes, the eyes cast down. The right hand is raised in vitarka mudra at the chest and the left hand rests on the knee, palm down. The robe falls in simple, incised folds. The figure stands on a waisted circular base carved with a band of upright lotus petals. The gilding is worn, revealing the bronze beneath, with a mellow patina. Liao-dynasty (9th–12th century) Buddhist images stand between Tang exuberance and Jin-Yuan restraint. They were usually cast in piece-moulds in one solid piece, the bronze core thick, robes rendered in incised lines rather than elaborate chasing. Gilding was by fire-gilding: a gold amalgam was applied to the surface and heated to drive off mercury, leaving a thin gold layer that has worn away in patches over the centuries to reveal the reddish bronze beneath. The pendulous ears and full round face follow the Chinese-style Buddhist iconography current in Liao territories; the plump pointed lotus petals on the base share their period with surviving Liao clay and wood sculptures in Hebei.

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